The Introduction to Psychology portion of this module provides an introduction to the broad field of psychology and the many approaches that psychologists take to understanding human behavior. We will consider how psychologists conduct scientific research, with an overview of some of the most important approaches used and topics studied by psychologists, and also consider the variety of fields in which psychologists work and the careers that are available to people with psychology degrees.
In the Science of Psychology portion of this module you will learn how psychologists develop and test their research ideas; how they measure the thoughts, feelings, and behavior of individuals; and how they analyze and interpret the data they collect. To really understand psychology, you must also understand how and why the research you are reading about was conducted and what the collected data mean. Learning about the principles and practices of psychological research will allow you to critically read, interpret, and evaluate research. (Image Credit Jean-Pol Grandmont Wikimedia licensed CC-BY-SA 4.0)
Upon completion of this module, you will be able to:
- Understand the etymology of the word “psychology”
- Define psychology
- Understand the merits of an education in psychology
- Understand the importance of Wundt and James in the development of psychology
- Appreciate Freud’s influence on psychology
- Understand the basic tenets of Gestalt psychology
- Appreciate the important role that behaviorism played in psychology’s history
- Understand basic tenets of humanism
- Understand how the cognitive revolution shifted psychology’s focus back to the mind
- Appreciate the diversity of interests and foci within psychology
- Understand basic interests and applications in each of the described areas of psychology
- Demonstrate familiarity with some of the major concepts or important figures in each of the described areas of psychology
- Describe what scientific principles, laws and theories, and research hypotheses are.
- Explain how various scientific research methods can be used to address psychological research questions.
- Discuss general ethical guidelines in conducting psychological research in human and animals.
- Describe the principles of the scientific method and explain its importance in conducting and interpreting research.
- Differentiate laws from theories and explain how research hypotheses are developed and tested.
- Identify the role of the research hypothesis in psychological research.
- Describe the different research methods used by psychologists
- Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of case studies, naturalistic observation, surveys, and archival research
- Compare longitudinal and cross-sectional approaches to research.
- Identify characteristics of an ethical research project using human participant and animals.
- Discuss the procedures that researchers use to ensure that their research with humans and with animals is ethical.
To achieve these objectives:
- Read the Module 1 Introduction
- Read and view the materials in the Module 1 Pressbooks book
- Complete all activities in the module
Note the checkboxes to the right that help you track your progress: some are automatic, and some are manual.
Module Pressbooks Resources and Activities
You will find the following resources and activities in this module on the Pressbooks website. Click on the links below to access or complete each item.