2. Mnemonic devices

Mnemonic devices are clever memory aids that leverage familiar concepts like rhymes, acronyms, or stories to enhance information retention. Rhymes make facts catchy, like "In 1492, Columbus sailed the ocean blue." Acronyms, such as "PEMDAS" (Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally) for mathematical order of operations, simplify complex sequences. Stories or narratives link unrelated items in a memorable sequence. To craft effective mnemonics for subjects, identify key information, then associate it with a familiar or vivid concept. The quirkier the association, the more likely the recall. Mnemonics turn abstract or tedious data into relatable and easily retrievable knowledge.