1. Basics of memory

Memory forms the cornerstone of our learning processes, consisting of multiple types and stages. Sensory memory acts as a brief buffer, capturing the raw sensory information from our environment for mere seconds. Short-term memory, or working memory, temporarily holds information we're currently aware of or thinking about, like a fleeting thought or a phone number. In contrast, long-term memory stores substantial information for extended durations, from days to a lifetime. The entire memory process involves three primary stages: encoding, where information is initially acquired; storage, where it is preserved; and retrieval, during which we access and recall the stored information.